PASTA
It’s no secret that pasta is the most popular dish in the “Bel Paese” – as well as the most adored dish there is. From the North to the South, at every age and in every season, the most important component in Italian cooking. A long time ago, at least beyond the boot-shaped bounds of the Italian country, pasta was considered nothing more than a “guilty (carbohydrate) delight,” an unmentionable taboo for those who followed a trendy diet. On the contrary, pasta is a rather nutritious diet that is also a simple and economical method to consume complex carbohydrate foods in a variety of ways that are also delicious.
Perhaps this accounts for its prominence in vegetarian and vegan cuisines as well!
ORIGINS
In truth, pasta is a worldwide and nearly universal food: it has been consumed for millennia all over the world and continues to be a traditional component of many regional cuisines, including those of the Mediterranean, Asia, and Latin America. Nonetheless, there is little doubt that the preferred nationality of pasta is Italian. But when did pasta first originate in Italy, and how long did it take for pasta to become the “par excellence” of Italian cuisine? Indeed, the Italians’ fondness for pasta has a long history, with the first recorded mentions reaching back to 1154 in Sicily.
In addition, a meal known as “lagana” is described in an early 5th century cookbook as consisting of layers of dough with meat filling between them.
In any case, ancient pasta was quite different from the “spaghetti al pomodoro” that we eat today: it was made with durum wheat flour and was often mixed with ingredients that would seem inappropriate for Italians today, such as sweet, savory, and spicy flavors, as was the case with “spaghetti al pomodoro.” Dried pasta became popular in the 14th and 15th centuries because it is simpler to preserve.
A short distance up the coast from Sanremo were the first pasta-making machines, which were built in the 1600s.
PRODUCTION
For the most part, pasta is created from an unleavened dough consisting of durum wheat flour combined with water or eggs and then molded into sheets or other forms before being cooked in boiling water. It is possible to separate pastas into two major categories: dried (Pasta Secca) and fresh (Pasta Fresco) (Pasta Fresca). Fresh pasta is frequently combined, cooked, and consumed immediately, but dry pasta is kept and prepared at any time. Pasta is available in more than 200 different forms, and it may be served with a wide range of sauces and accompaniments.
The dough is then run through a series of “trafiles” that are designed to give it the correct form.
The “drying” stage is the most sensitive, during which the pasta must be aired in order to minimize water content: the final moisture content must not be greater than 12,5%. Pasta is finally brought back to room temperature by the use of a “raffreddatore” and is ready to be packaged at this point.
NUTRITION FACTS
For the most part, pasta is created from an unleavened dough consisting of durum wheat flour combined with water or eggs, which is then molded into sheets or other forms and then cooked in boiling water. There are two basic kinds of pasta: dried (Pasta Secca) and fresh (Pasta freddo) pasta (Pasta Fresca). Fresh pasta is generally combined, cooked, and served immediately, but dried pasta is kept and may be made at any time. Pasta is available in more than 200 different forms, and it may be served with a wide range of sauces and accompaniments to suit any taste.
The dough is then put through a series of “trafiles” that are designed to give the dough the proper form.
Finally, using the “raffreddatore,” the pasta is brought back to room temperature and is ready to be packaged.
CURIOSITY
- In the United States, Thomas Jefferson is credited with creating the dish known as “macaroni.” It appears that while serving as the United States Ambassador to France, he fell in love with a particular meal that he sampled in Naples. In fact, he immediately ordered boxes of macaroni, as well as a pasta-making machine, to be shipped back to the United States
- The most renowned Italian manner to eat pasta, “col pomodoro,” which means with tomato sauce, was not established until the nineteenth century. The year 1844 marks the anniversary of the first dishes to contain tomato sauce. Tomatoes were regarded “too alien” by Italians for a very long time.
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How pasta is made – manufacture, making, history, how to make, used, product, machine
Pasta is a globally adored dish, and practically every country offers some variation of the noodle dish. In China, it’s ismein; in Japan, it’s udon; in Poland, it’s pierogi; and in Germany, it’s spaetzle. Pasta’s widespread appeal may be due to a number of characteristics, including its ease of production, its small storage footprint, its simplicity in preparation, and its high concentration of complex carbs. Gruel and porridge, which were formerly popular Etruscan meals, were gradually replaced by more palatable unleavened breadcakes.
- Where the noodle originated is a matter of debate among historians.
- Some, on the other hand, believe that a detailed review of Polo’s documents indicates that he recalled loving a particular sort of noodle in China, comparing it favorably to the pasta he was accustomed to eating back home in Italy.
- The translucent noodles, which resemble vermicelli, are produced from a paste of germinated mung beans and are often steeped in water before being cooked or fried.
- Boiling noodles, on the other hand, were traditionally thought to be a quite tasteless dish.
- According to legend, the Koreans taught the Japanese how to manufacture obanoodles in the 12th century, utilizing Chinese buckwheat produced in the northern areas of the country where rice paddies were unable to thrive.
- The Italians, on the other hand, have asserted their claim so passionately that nowadays we commonly conceive of pasta meals as having their origins in their country.
- Napoli was the site of the first industrial manufacture of pasta, which took place in the early 15th century.
The site was chosen because of its naturally varying temperatures, which can occur as often as four times per day at times, and because it supplied both the hot and cold temperatures required for drying. The invention of mechanical drying did not occur until 1800.
Raw Materials
Pasta is produced by combining water and semolina flour in a mixing bowl. Semolina is a coarse-ground flour made from the center, or endosperm, of durum wheat, a high-protein hard wheat that is produced particularly for the production of pasta. Durum wheat is an amber-colored hard wheat with a high protein content. It is easier to digest than all-purpose flours because it has less carbohydrate and more protein than those used in all-purpose baking. Pasta made from farina, which is coarser granulations of other high-quality hard wheat, is also used to manufacture various types of pasta.
Eggs are occasionally added to the recipe to give it more color or richness.
Adding juice from vegetables like spinach, beet, tomato, and carrot may help enhance the color and flavor of the dish.
The ManufacturingProcess
- 1 The semolina is housed in massive silos that can accommodate up to 150,000 pounds of grain. 2 (68,100 kg). Pipes transport the flour to a mixing machine with blades that rotate as they blend the ingredients. Warm water is also pumped into the mixing machine from a separate source. After kneading the ingredients until it has a lumpy consistency
Flavoring and coloring
- If the finished result is an egg noodle, 2 eggs are added to the mixture. If you want your pasta to have a flavorful sauce, vegetable juices should be used. For red pasta, a tomato or beet mixture is added
- For green pasta, spinach is added
- And for orange pasta, carrots are added. It is also possible to fold in herbs and spices to enhance the flavor of the dish.
Rolling
- 3) The mixture is then transferred to a laminator, where it is crushed into sheets by massive cylinders. In order to achieve the optimal water content of 12 percent, a vacuum mixer-machine is used to flatten the dough even further while pushing out air bubbles and extra water.
Pasteurization
- In order to destroy any germs present, the dough roll is passed through a steamer, which warms the dough to 220 degrees Fahrenheit (104 degrees Celsius).
Cutting
- The dough is chopped or pushed through dies, depending on the type of noodle that is being made. 5 Rotating blades are used to cut ribbon and string-style pasta, such as fettucine, linguine, spaghetti, and capellini (angel hair), among others. For the production of tube or shell-shaped pasta such as rigatoni, ziti, elbowmacaroni, and fusilli, the dough is put into an extruder, which forces it through a series of metal dies. The type of pasta produced is determined by the size and form of the holes in the die. If you want to produce vermicelli or capellini, you need to push the pasta dough through holes that are between 8 and 5 mm in diameter. The pasta is then cut into 10 inch (250 mm) lengths by the cutting machine, which twists it into curls as it does so. Spaghetti is made with a diameter ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 mm and is left straight. Tortellini (stuffed pasta rings) are prepared on a separate machine from the rest of the pasta. A roll of dough is fed into the machine, which cuts little circles out of it. A pre-measured amount of ricotta cheese mixture is dropped into a circle of dough from a bucket of ricotta cheese mixture. After that, the dough is folded over and the two ends are put together to make a circular shape. Ravioli (stuffed pasta squares) are made by dropping premeasured amounts of cheese filling on a sheet of pasta at premeasured intervals using a machine. As the sheet of pasta passes along a conveyer belt, another sheet of pasta is deposited on top of it. The two layers are then sent through a cutting machine, which cuts the pasta into squares that have been pre-measured.
Drying
- 6 The pasta is placed in a drying tank in which the temperature, moisture content, and drying duration are all precisely controlled to ensure proper drying. The drying duration varies depending on the type of pasta being used. A typical cooking time for elbow macaroni and egg noodles is three hours, while it might take up to 12 hours for spaghetti. This step is crucial because if the pasta is dried too fast, it will break, and if it is dried too slowly, the likelihood of it being spoiled rises. The quantity of oxygen in the tank is likewise controlled, and lab personnel do routine tests for salmonella and other germs in the tank. During the drying process, it is also critical to handle the pasta with great care. Considering that spaghetti is the most delicate of the noodles, it is often displayed at a height above the ground.
Packaging
- 7 Fresh spaghetti is folded into transparent plastic containers in pre-measured portions. Containers are covered with plastic sheets and sealed with hot presses as they move along a conveyer belt as they are being filled with goods. At the same time, a little tube sucks the air of the container and replaces it with a combination of carbon dioxide and nitrogen to prolong the product’s shelf-life. Labels identifying the kind of noodle, nutritional information, cooking directions, and expiration date are fastened to the top of the containers. Dried pasta is placed into stainless steel buckets (often of heavy gauge type 304), which are then transported down a conveyer belt to the proper packing station, either manually or automatically. In addition to listing the kind of noodle, ingredients, cooking method, and expiration date, the pasta is measured by machine and placed into pre-printed boxes. Once again, caution must be shown in handling. Employees arrange lasagna noodles on metal slides that allow the pasta to be easily placed into boxes, for example, because the noodles are very delicate. Following that, the boxes are sealed by machine. Transmission systems can be built in “S,” “C,” or”Z layouts, or as horizontal conveyor belts that run vertically through the system. These mechanisms move the pasta up and down and over the plant at heights up to 10 feet (3 m) (3 m). The packing process is monitored by employees working at floor-level stations. Workers will be able to manually package the pasta if necessary because of the system.
Quality Control
The production of pasta is governed by stringent government rules governing food processing and distribution. Federal inspectors arrange frequent inspections to assure that the firm is following to goverrnment rules. Additionally, each firm has its own quality criteria, some of which are established in practice before the pasta is sent to the facility. Lab technicians evaluate the semolina flour for color, texture, and purity before it is taken from train carriages. Protein and moisture content are measured and monitored using sophisticated quality control computer software.
Plant employees are required to wear haimets and plastic gloves.
The drying process is constantly regulated to ensure against spoiling.
Homemade Pasta
Pasta’s appeal has moved to the realm of home cooking, where it is becoming increasingly popular. Pasta-rolling equipment and pasta cookbooks are available at home-improvement stores and through cooks’ catalogs, respectively. The method for handmade pasta is quite similar to the industrial process, with the exception of the fact that eggs are typically included in all of the recipes for homemade pasta. Sometimes oil is added to the mixture, especially if a lower-quality flour is being used in the recipe.
A fork is used to lightly mix the contents in the well, which includes eggs, water, oil, and any other desired ingredients.
This is done for roughly five minutes, or until the dough forms a smooth, elastic ball when squeezed.
Most pasta rolling machines are equipped with attachments that allow the dough to be cut into various shapes such as spaghetti, fettucine, lasagna, or ravioli, among others.
Making filled pasta may be accomplished with the help of specially marked rolling pins that imprint squares on the dough or ravioli trays. In addition to commercial extrusion equipment, home extrusion machines for creating tube-style pasta such as rigatoni or fusilli are also available.
The Future
With each passing year, pasta’s popularity grows. The National Pasta Foods Association predicts that by the turn of the century, the average American will consume more than 29 pounds (13 kg) of pasta per year. For those who are more concerned with their nutritional intake, pasta is an excellent choice because of its high nutritional content. Furthermore, individuals are finding themselves with less time to prepare meals, and pasta is a simple dish to prepare. Pasta makers are reacting to this need by producing a diverse range of dried and fresh pastas to meet the needs of consumers.
New lines of fat- and cholesterol-free ravioli, as well as ethically cultivated pasta products, are now available on the marketplace.
Where To Learn More
Guiliano Bugialli is the author of this work. Bugialli on a bed of pasta. Simon & Schuster published the book in 1988. Maguelonne, Toussaint-Samat, Maguelonne A Chronology of the History of Food. (This translation was done by Anthea Bell from the French.) The Blackwell Publishing Company published this book in 1992.
Periodicals
“Italians Do Still Eat Oodles of Noodles, But the Trend Is Limp,” Lisa Bannon writes in the New York Times. The Wall Street Journal published an article on May 10, 1994, p. “What Exactly Is Pasta?” Borden, Inc. published this book in 1994. “Pasta that has been custom-made.” A review on food engineering published in January 1991, page 71. “Pasta: New Twists on an Old Product,” by James Giese, is available online. In the February 1992 issue of Food Technology, pages 118-26, the author writes: “Pasta’s New World Order,” by Robert McMath, is available online.
Dry Pasta vs. Fresh Pasta: What’s the Difference?
Wouldn’t it appear that fresh pasta would be preferable to dried spaghetti in these days of “fresh is better”? For one thing, freshly produced pasta is frequently created locally and with fresh ingredients, whereas dry pasta is imported large distances and has been lying on shelves for an unknown amount of time. But this is not the case: just as there is no difference between red and white wine, soft and hard cheeses, the West Coast and the East Coast, there is no difference between one type of pasta and the other.
- It is possible to make fresh pasta from a simple dough consisting of eggs and flour, which is commonly all-purpose flour or “00” high-gluten flour.
- Then it’s sliced into long noodles or fashioned into tortellini and ravioli and loaded with cheese.
- Fettuccine Alfredo is a very different experience when made with fresh pasta, there’s no doubt about it!
- Playdough Fun Factories (just like the old-fashioned ones!) At a lower temperature for many days until all of the moisture has evaporated, this pasta is more durable than fresh pasta and may be stored for an almost endless period of time (see below).
- Like any other product on the market, you may get high-end versions of both pastas as well as lower-priced supermarket variants of the same product.
- What is your favorite type of pasta?
Former editor for The Kitchn, Emma is a graduate of the Cambridge School for Culinary Arts and has worked in the food industry for several years. She is the author of True Brews and Brew Better Beer, among other books. For more information on her food, see her website.
Uncover the History of Pasta
Wouldn’t it appear that fresh pasta would be preferable to dried spaghetti in this day and age of “fresh is better?” For one thing, freshly made pasta is frequently produced locally and crafted with seasonal ingredients, whereas dry pasta is delivered vast distances and has been lying on shelves for an unknown amount of time. Not so, as neither type of pasta is superior than the other, just as there is no difference between red and white wine, soft or hard cheese, the West Coast and the East Coast, or even the West and the East Coast of the United States.
- Produced from a basic dough of eggs and flour, most commonly made from all-purpose flour or “00” high-gluten flour, fresh pasta is a delicious treat.
- Then it’s sliced into long noodles or molded into tortellini and ravioli and loaded with cheese and other ingredients.
- There’s little doubt that fresh pasta transforms fettuccine Alfredo into a whole new culinary experience.
- Playdough Fun Factories are a great example of this.
- When making heavy recipes like ragusauces, soups, and casseroles, dry pasta is the ideal choice because of its strong structure, which will stand up well to the addition of other ingredients.
- What matters is your particular preference: fresh or dried, long or precisely shaped noodles.
- Contributor: Emma Christensen Former editor of The Kitchn, Emma is a graduate of the Cambridge School for Culinary Arts and has worked in the food industry for several years.
- More cooking stories may be found on her website.
- Fresh pasta would appear to be superior than dried spaghetti in this day and age of “fresh is best.” For one thing, freshly produced pasta is frequently created locally and with fresh ingredients, whereas dry pasta is imported large distances and has been lying on shelves for an unknown amount of time. But this is not the case: just as there are differences between red and white wines, soft and hard cheeses, the West Coast and the East Coast, there are differences between different types of pasta. They’re just distinct in every way! Fresh pasta is created from a basic dough consisting of eggs and flour, which is commonly all-purpose flour or “00” high-gluten flour in the case of fresh pasta. The dough is kneaded in the same manner as bread dough and then pressed through rollers until it reaches the appropriate thickness. Then it’s sliced into long noodles or fashioned into tortellini and ravioli and loaded with ricotta cheese. If you’re serving fresh pasta with a delicate sauce, the texture of the pasta will take center stage. Fettuccine Alfredo is a completely different experience when made with fresh pasta, no doubt about it! Dry pasta is created from finely ground semolina flour and water (typically without the addition of an egg), which is blended into a paste and pressed through molds before being cut into the variety of pasta forms we are all familiar with. This is similar to the original Playdough Fun Factories! It is dried at a low temperature for many days until all of the moisture has evaporated, which allows it to be preserved for an almost endless period of time. Dry pasta is most suited for heavy recipes such as ragusauces, soups, and casseroles because of its strong structure, which will stand up well to the addition of additional ingredients. The same as with any other product on the market, you may get both high-end and low-cost versions of both pastas. However, whether you want fresh or dried noodles, long or elaborately shaped, it all boils down to personal preference. What’s your favorite type of pasta? Emma Christensen is a writer who contributes to this site. Emma once worked as an editor for The Kitchn and is a graduate of the Cambridge School of Culinary Arts. She lives in New York City. She is the author of True Brews and Brew Better Beer, among other works. Visit her website for more information about her cooking adventures.
You will shed a significant amount of weight! Isn’t this practical advice?! Unfortunately, it is quite tough to follow! Pasta is one of the most widely available foods on the planet. This popular, low-cost staple is available in nearly every country, each with its own distinct flavor. Spaetzle is a dish that is popular in Germany and Hungary. Orzo is the dish of choice in Greeze. Pierogi, which are shaped like pockets, are popular in Poland. Ashkenazi Jewish households cook kreplach dumplings as a holiday tradition.
- As a result, many of us associate the word “pasta” with Italian cuisine, and the vast majority of people believe that it originated in Italy.
- There are various factors that make tracing the history of pasta challenging.
- Consequently, it is difficult to distinguish pasta from other ancient recipes that use the same components as pasta.
- This is a shame, because pasta is one of the most popular dishes on the globe!
- It is necessary to define the term pasta before we can discuss it.
- It is produced with a dough that is unleavened and consists of ground durum wheat combined with water or eggs.
- The high gluten concentration and low moisture level of durum wheat make it an excellent choice for pasta making.
However, while pasta is often associated with Italian culture, it is most likely a descendant of ancient Asian noodles.
The author of The Travels of Marco Polo, in one of his books, recalls his introduction to a plant that produced flour (perhaps referred to as the breadfruit tree,) in passing.
Polo claimed that the barley-like grain he mentioned was used to construct many pasta-like meals, one of which was referred to as lagana (lasagna).
Together with the fact that pasta was already becoming increasingly popular in other parts of Italy throughout the 13th century, it seems highly doubtful that Marco Polo was the first to bring pasta to Italy.
Researchers believe that central Asia was most likely the first region to create noodles thousands of years ago, according to archaeologists.
Though there are numerous hypotheses about how pasta came to be in Europe, none are conclusive.
Once it reached the Mediterranean, the method was perfected, and durum wheat quickly became the grain of choice for pasta flour due to its high gluten concentration and extended shelf life, making it the preferred ingredient for pasta flour worldwide.
Because of pasta’s cost, long shelf life, and adaptability, it has become firmly entrenched in Italian society throughout the centuries.
It wasn’t long before tomato-based sauces were popular as a compliment to pasta, and tomatoes continue to be the most commonly used component in pasta sauces today.
Believe it or not, it was Thomas Jefferson who had a role in bringing pasta into widespread favor in the first place.
He was so taken with the meal that he returned to the United States with two cases of it in tow.
In the late nineteenth century, when a significant group of Italian immigrants (most of whom originated from Naples) migrated to the United States, pasta became a popular dish in the United States.
Pasta is normally prepared by boiling the dough in a large pot.
The Talmud has a discussion on whether or not boiling dough may be called unleavened bread under Jewish law, and it is worth reading.
Dried pastas from Italy are the most common type of pasta available in the United States.
Because semolina is not very absorbent, it provides for excellent al dente style pasta.
Pasta is, for all means and purposes, a delectable dish of comfort.
It is still created using the same key components and processes that have been used since the beginning of time, if not longer.
When we eat pasta, we may be confident that our predecessors, and their ancestors’ ancestors, ate something comparable to what we are now eating today. Pasta, with its lengthy and multi-cultural history, is a gastronomic tie to the past that we can all appreciate.
Recipes
Here are five mouthwatering pasta meals that you must try; you will not want to walk away from these delectable recipes. Mangia! The Shiksa in the Kitchen Ligurian Pasta Trenette with Lemon Cream Sauce from PBS Food on Vimeo. Pasta with Peas is a traditional dish in Italy. Classic Pasta Primavera Recipe from Simply Recipes Pasta with Tomato Cream Sauce, courtesy of The Pioneer Woman Leite’s Culinaria: Homemade Pasta Dough (in Portuguese)
Research Sources
Alan Davidson’s full name is Alan Davidson (1999). The Oxford Companion to Food and Cooking. Oxford University Press is based in the United States. Ron Herbst and Sharon Tyler are the authors of this work (2009). The Deluxe Food Lover’s Companion is a must-have for every foodie. Barron’s Educational Series, Inc., of Hauppauge, New York, published the book. Franco, Franco, Franco, Franco, Franco, Franco (2007). Pasta and pizza are two of my favorite foods. Prickly Paradigm Press is based in Chicago, Illinois.
A Chronology of the History of Food.
Tori’s website, The History Kitchen, contains a wealth of information on the intriguing history of food.
Meet the Author
Tori Avey is a culinary writer and recipe developer who is also the founder of the website ToriAvey.com. This book delves into the stories behind our cuisine, including why we consume the foods we do, how meals from different cultures have changed, and how food from the past may serve as inspiration for cooking today. Among the websites where Tori’s food writing and photography have featured are CNN, Bon Appetit, Zabar’s, Williams-Sonoma, Yahoo Shine, Los Angeles Weekly, and The Huffington Post, among others.
Pasta – an overview
According to M.Sissons, in the Encyclopedia of Grain Science (2004).
Nutritional Value of Pasta
Given its low fat level and high carbohydrate content, pasta is regarded to be a healthy meal choice. It also contains a significant amount of protein. Increased protein and dietary fiber content, as well as fortification with vitamins and minerals, are the primary means of improving the nutritional value of pasta (Table 4). It is possible to enhance the protein content of pasta to higher than 15 percent by using high-protein flours (soybean, pea, lupin, and chickpea). This will also boost the level of limiting amino acids, notably lysine, in the pasta.
Table 4 shows the nutritional values of several varieties of pasta.
| Plain | Vitamin enriched | Egg pasta | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Calories (kcal) | 342 | 370 | 380 |
| Protein (g) | 12 | 12.8 | 14 |
| Fat (g) | 1.8 | 1.6 | 4.2 |
| Carbohydrates (g) | 74 | 74 | 75 |
| Dietary fiber (g) | 2.9 | 4.2 | 4.7 |
| Minerals | |||
| Calcium (mg) | 25 | 17.5 | 29 |
| Iron (mg) | 2.1 | 3.8 | 4.5 |
| Phosphorus (mg) | 190 | 149 | 214 |
| Potassium (mg) | 250 | 161 | 223 |
| Sodium (mg) | 3 | 7 | 21 |
| Vitamins | |||
| Ascorbic acid (mg) | |||
| Thiamin (mg) | 0.22 | 1 | 1 |
| Riboflavin (mg) | 0.31 | 0.44 | 0.5 |
| Niacin (mg) | 3.1 | 7.5 | 8 |
| Vitamin B 6(μg) | 0.17 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Folacin (μg) | 34 | 17.5 | 30 |
| Vitamin B 12(μg) | 0.4 | ||
| Vitamin A (iu) | 61 | ||
| Cholesterol (mg) | 94 |
All of the information is based on a 100g product. Information derived from Kill RC and Turnbull K (eds) (2001) Pasta and Semolina Manufacturing Technology Blackwell Publishing, London. Several studies have found that eating pasta after a meal lowers the rise in blood glucose levels in people when compared to consuming a comparable amount of other carbs, such as white bread, after a meal. As a result, the risk of getting type II diabetes is thought to be lower. Pastas with flavoring (basil, garlic, parsley, and red pepper) allow diet-conscious consumers to enjoy taste (basil, garlic, parsley, and red pepper) without the need to add high-calorie sauces.
Because of the unique mix of characteristics such as low cost, simplicity of preparation, diversity, nutritional content, and extended shelf life, pasta will continue to play an important role as the world’s need for cereals grows.
The whole chapter may be found at URL:, in the Reference Module in Food Science, 2016.
Nutritional Value of Pasta
Each 100g package contains all of the necessary information. KILL RC and Turnbull K (eds.) provided the information (2001) Techniqe de la pâte et du semolina The Blackwell Publishing Group in London published this book. In humans, a number of studies have found that eating pasta after a meal lowers the rise in blood glucose levels compared to eating the same amount of other carbs, such as white bread. This is thought to be advantageous in lowering the chance of getting type II diabetes. Flavored pastas provide taste (basil, garlic, parsley, and red pepper) without the need of high-calorie sauces, which is ideal for diet-conscious consumers.
When it comes to food, pasta is an affordable way to improve the nutritional content of diets in wealthy countries while also assisting in the reduction of hunger issues in poor nations.
Click here to read the whole chapter in the 2016 reference module on food science.
| Plain | Vitamin enriched | Egg pasta | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Calories (kcal) | 342 | 370 | 380 |
| Protein (g) | 12 | 12.8 | 14 |
| Fat (g) | 1.8 | 1.6 | 4.2 |
| Carbohydrates (g) | 74 | 74 | 75 |
| Dietary fiber (g) | 2.9 | 4.2 | 4.7 |
| Minerals | |||
| Calcium (mg) | 25 | 17.5 | 29 |
| Iron (mg) | 2.1 | 3.8 | 4.5 |
| Phosphorus (mg) | 190 | 149 | 214 |
| Potassium (mg) | 250 | 161 | 223 |
| Sodium (mg) | 3 | 7 | 21 |
| Vitamins | |||
| Ascorbic acid (mg) | |||
| Thiamin (mg) | 0.22 | 1 | 1 |
| Riboflavin (mg) | 0.31 | 0.44 | 0.5 |
| Niacin (mg) | 3.1 | 7.5 | 8 |
| Vitamin B 6(μg) | 0.17 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Folacin (μg) | 34 | 17.5 | 30 |
| Vitamin B 12(μg) | 0.4 | ||
| Vitamin A (iu) | 61 | ||
| Cholesterol (mg) | 94 |
All information per 100g product.Source: Data from Kill RC and Turnbull K (eds.) (2001)Pasta and Semolina Technology. London: Blackwell.Several studies have suggested that pasta reduces the increase in blood glucose in humans following a meal compared to an equivalent load of other carbohydrates, such as white bread. This is considered beneficial in reducing the risk of developing type II diabetes. Flavored pastas allow diet conscious consumers to have flavor (basil, garlic, parsley, and red pepper) without the addition of the high caloric sauces.Nutritional improvement of pasta can be achieved by enrichment with protein and dietary fiber and fortification with vitamins and minerals. The raw materials mainly used for improving the amount of protein of vegetable origin include: soybean, pea, lupine, bean, or chickpea and of animal origin: whey proteins, casein, and powdered milk. Whole grains or meals can be successfully used to improve the dietary fiber content of durum wheat semolina pasta (9.4–11% compared to 3.0–3.7% in semolina pasta). Good sources of fiber include: amaranth, barley, buckwheat, bulgur, corn, millet, quinoa, rice, rye, oats, sorghum, teff, triticale, wheat, and wild rice. In the last few years there has been much interest in using cereal by-products in pasta formulations that are rich in substances with beneficial physiological effects (folic acid, dietary fiber, tocols, polyphenols, arabinoxylans, and lignans). These can be obtained from a range of sources such defatted germ, aleurone layer, corn gluten meal, bran from cereal milling and pearling, spent grains, distillers’ dried grains, roots, and yeast from malting, brewing, and distillation. A particular category of tailor-made foods is functional food. The term functional food was coined to describe a food that provides a specific physiological benefit other than a purely nutritional effect. There are now several ‘functional pastas’ that confer these types of benefits and the reader is referred to Marconi and Messia for more details.Pasta as a food represents an inexpensive means of improving diet quality in developed countries and helps to reduce hunger problems in developing countries. The unique combination of properties of cheapness, ease of preparation, versatility, nutritive value, and long shelf life will ensure that pasta will continue to play a role of importance as world demand for cereals increases.Read full chapterURL: processing of pasta and other products
The authors, Elke K.Arendt and Emanuele Zannini, in Cereal Grains for the Food and Beverage Industries (Cereal Grains for the Food and Beverage Industries), 2013.
1.8.1Pasta
R. Giacco and G. Riccardi, in the Encyclopedia of Food and Health, published in 2016.
Abstract
The authors, Claudio M.Pollini and Jol Abecassis, published Durum Wheat (Second Edition) in 2012.
OVERVIEW
Pasta is consumed all around the world because it possesses several characteristics that consumers find appealing, such as a broad variety of shape, a long shelf life, high nutritional content, sanitary quality, and a low overall price. When it comes to creating pasta, durum wheat is the preferred raw material. Pasta processing is intended to alter the shape of the vitreous endosperm of durum wheat only via the use of physical means. Indeed, the process of making pasta consists of three primary unit operations: hydrating and mixing-kneading semolina to create a dough (resulting in the production of a gluten network), shaping the dough by extrusion, and stabilizing the formed pasta pieces, which is commonly done by drying.
Semolina was processed by these machines into dry spaghetti or macaroni that was ready for packing (Marchylo and Dexter 2001).
Changes in pasta productivity throughout time are seen in Fig.
From an industrial and technological standpoint, this chapter discusses the three basic unit activities in pasta making and the scientific foundation for the major physicochemical changes that occur during the manufacturing process and have an impact on the final quality of the finished pasta.
Click here to read the whole chapter in the third edition of Food Process Engineering and Technology (FPE&T).
15.5.1Forming Extrusion of Pasta
PichmonyEk and Girish M.Ganjyal’s Extrusion Cooking will be published in 2020.
6.4Pasta
RayHare’s Cereal Grains (Second Edition), published in 2017.
6.2.3.5Pasta Drying
When it comes to drying pasta, it is a complicated process that requires precise control over temperature and humidity at various phases of the drying cycle. The goal is to remove the water from the dough in such a way that the production of mechanical tensions (shrinkage) and the resulting cracks in the pasta mass are fully avoided. It is necessary to enable water to drain from the interior pasta components at a controlled and constant rate. The product that exits the dryer must be in balance with the surrounding industrial atmosphere in terms of moisture and temperature.
Read the entire chapter here: URL:
pasta
A starchy food preparation (pasta alimentaria) that is usually linked with Italian cuisine and manufactured from semolina, a granular product generated from the endosperm of a variety of wheat known as durum, and contains a high amount of gluten, is defined as follows: pasta (elastic protein). Originally designed for specialized properties such as the capacity to retain heat or contain sauces, it is now made into ribbons, cords, tubes, and a variety of other unusual forms. In commercial processing, the semolina is combined with warm water and kneaded into a smooth stiff dough, which is then extruded into the desired shape.
- Large holes with steel pins make hollow tubular shapes such as macaroni, whereas tiny holes without pins produce spaghetti.
- Slitted perforations are used to create flat ribbon-like sorts of perforations.
- Following that, the dough is dried, lowering its moisture content from around 31% to approximately 13% in the final product.
- Britannica Test your knowledge of food from across the world with this quiz.
- To what nation is the mung bean native?
- Spinach juice, which results in green pasta; beet juice, which results in red pasta; and eggs, which result in bright yellow pasta are all options for coloring doughs.
- Spaghetti (also known as “little string”), spaghettini (a finer version of spaghetti), and vermicelli (often known as “little worms”) are all popular cord forms.
- The widelasagna and the narrowlinguini are two different styles of ribbon.
- For example, there are farfalloni (“big butterflies”),lancette (“small spears”),fusilli (“spindles”), andriccioline (“little curls”), among a plethora of other unusual shapes.
- Chensiyuan Pappardelle is made by boiling and can be cooked until firm and robust to the biting (al dente) or until very soft (al dente).
- Shaped pastas are frequently stuffed with a variety of foods, including meat, cheese, spinach, or a mix of these and other components.
Pasta that has not been cooked will keep its freshness for three to six months. Those in charge of editing the Encyclopaedia Britannica Kara Rogers has made the most current revisions and updates to this page.
Facts About Pasta
Pasta is one of the most amazing things that has ever occurred to grains in human history. Although pasta has its origins in Asia and the Mediterranean, its increasing popularity has elevated it to the status of a true American health food. The following are the most often asked questions regarding this beloved family dish.
What is pasta?
It is the Italian term for “paste” that is used here. All pasta is created from a dough consisting of grain flour and water combined. It is possible to find pasta in a variety of forms and sizes. However, while most are manufactured from wheat, other grains can be used on their own (for those who are gluten sensitive) or in combination with wheat to create a variety of dishes.
What do the different names for pasta mean?
Take a grain-based dough and press it through a range of different-shaped molds to produce neat noodles in a variety of forms — flat, smooth, solid, hollow, and twisted — that are both tasty and visually appealing. Give these wavy shapes melodic Italian names, and you have the many varieties of pasta that can be found on the grocery shelf today. The following is the name of the pasta based on the form of the noodles:
- Spaghetti comes from the Italian word spago, which means “cord”
- Linguini, which means “small tongues”
- And Vermicelli, which means “little worms.” Conchiglie are Italian for “shells.” Rigatoni, or “furrows,” are short, broad fluted tubes with a rounded end. Lasagna is a dish made of wide, sometimes ruffled, ribbons of pasta (from the Latin word for “pot”). Fettucine, which means “little ribbons” in Italian. Ravioli (sometimes known as “little turnips”)
- Rotini, often known as “spirals” or “twists”
- Capellini (angel hair), “fine hairs”
- Capellini (angel hair)
- Fusilli are “small spindles” (spirals)
- Penne are “quills”
- Fusilli are a type of spiral. Tortellini, or “little cakes,” are a kind of pasta. Cannelloni are pasta tubes or canes in a tube or cane form.
Is one pasta more nutritious than another?
spaghetti, from the Italian spago, which means “cord”; linguini, which means “little tongues”; vermicelli, which means “tiny worms”; and many more. the Italian word for “shells” is conchiglie (shells). Furrows, or short, broad fluted tubes; Rigatoni, or “furrows”; Wide, ruffled pasta ribbons (derived from the Latin word for “pot”); Lasagna, a broad, sometimes ruffled pasta ribbon dish; Italian for “little ribbons,” Fettucine is a kind of pasta. Ravioli, sometimes known as “little turnips,” are a type of pasta that is made from turnips.
Angel hair (sometimes known as “fine hairs”); Capellini (angel hair); Spirals are referred to as fusilli (small spindles); quills are referred to as penne.
pasta in the shape of tubes or canes (cannelloni);
Here are some words to look for:
- Whole wheat is exactly what it says it is – the entire grain. This type of pasta contains semolina, farina, and/or flour derived from refined durum wheat, and it is referred to as macaroni. Macaroni is available in a variety of forms, including spaghetti, elbow macaroni, shells, and others. Egg noodles are formed from three ingredients: flour, water, and an egg (either egg white or whole eggs). The egg must account for at least 5.5 percent of the total weight of the noodle
- Even though corn pasta has less protein than wheat pasta, it is more readily absorbed by people who are gluten intolerant. Multi-grain pasta is made by combining wheat flour with dense grains such as amaranth, quinoa, or flour from Jerusalem artichokes or soy to increase the protein content of the pasta. Rye pasta, commonly known as “spelt,” is particularly high in protein, fiber, zinc, and iron, and is a good source of iron. When you make flavored pasta, you may use veggies like spinach and tomato to give it more flavor, diversity, and nutrition than plain old spaghetti. COUSCOUS: Couscous is a hybrid of a grain and a pasta. It is produced with semolina that has been boiled and dried. The microscopic grains are cooked in the same way as rice, soaking up all of the cooking liquid. Because it is manufactured from refined flour that has not been fortified with vitamins, couscous is deficient in nutrition. The following factors should be used while assessing pastas, just as you would when comparing cereals: Do you use whole grains or processed grains as a beginning grain? What is the amount of vitamins and minerals in the product
The ingredient list for pasta should be evaluated in the same manner that the ingredient list for bread should be evaluated. It’s difficult to find whole wheat pasta that doesn’t have a little amount of semolina added to it (remember, semolina is nothing more than a fancy Italian-sounding name for “enhanced white flour”), because the inclusion of semolina improves the overall flavor and texture of the finished product. In part due to the fact that they are made from refined flour, most pastas are less nutritious when compared to the same amount of whole wheat or multi-grain bread or cereal.
Depending on whether or not eggs are included, they may also have a reduced protein content.
NUTRITIP: Sprinkle on the hard stuff.
Parmesan cheese has a lower fat content than many other cheeses. That is what distinguishes it as a hard cheese.
Hard cheeses contain a greater concentration of calcium. One ounce of freshly grated Parmesan cheese provides 226 milligrams of calcium, which is beneficial for bone development. Parmesan cheese, on the other hand, has a strong taste. That is one of the reasons why it is a popular pasta topping.
Isn’t pasta fattening?
This is not always the case. Because grains are low in fat, pasta is also low in fat. It’s not the pasta itself that’s fatty; it’s what you put on it. The calories and nutritional quality of pasta dishes are heavily influenced by the sauce that is served on top of the pasta, which can be good or bad depending on your preferences. Sauces that contain heavy cream, a lot of high-fat cheese, and a lot of oil add significantly more calories to a pasta meal than the pasta itself does. If you choose your sauce carefully, spaghetti may be a healthful and moderate-calorie dinner.
Using cream and cheese to cover the noodles results in a high-fat catastrophe.
NUTRITIP: Be Picky About Your Pasta.
Since when have you gone into your favorite Italian restaurant and inquired about the type of wheat that is used to produce their pasta? The quantity of protein and other nutrients included in the pasta is determined by the type of wheat used to make it. Pasta prepared from semolina is commonly found in restaurants. Depending on how comfortable you are with the chef, you might be able to get away with asking for whole wheat pasta. Dr. Sears, or Dr. Bill as his “little patients” affectionately refer to him, has been advising busy parents on how to build healthy families for more than four decades.
As a professor of pediatrics, he has taught at the University of Toronto, the University of South Carolina, the University of Southern California School of Medicine, and the University of California: Irvine, among other institutions.
His AskDrSears.com website is one of the most popular health and parenting sites on the internet, and he works as a health adviser for magazines, television, radio, and other media outlets.
Phil.
He is well-known for his approach to family health that is based on research but is made simple and enjoyable.
Bill Sears is a neurologist who specializes in pain management.